Most Influential Person in the History

Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W).

 

Prophet Muhammad(P.B.U.H) (570-632) Founder of Islam. Important religious, political and military leader who helped to unite Arabia under Islam. Whilst in seclusion in a mountain cave, Muhammad(P.B.U.H)(P.B.U.H) reported receiving a series of revelations from God; these revelations form the verses of the Quran, regarded by Muslims as the “Word of God” and around which the Islamic religion is based.

Muhammad(P.B.U.H)was born in 570 CE in the Arabian city of Mecca. Orphaned from an early age, he was brought up by his uncle Abu Talib. In his early life, he worked as a merchant and shepherd. Muhammad(P.B.U.H) had spiritual inclinations and would spend time going to caves around Mount Hira to spend time in silence, prayer and retreat.
It was during one of these retreats that he later revealed hearing the voice of Angel Jibreel (Gabriel). Muhammad(P.B.U.H) believed he was receiving the voice of God and wrote down these recitations to create the Qu’ran – the holy book of Islam.
In the beginning he attracted a relatively small number of followers, but they were viewed with hostility by other Meccan tribes. In 622, Muhammad(P.B.U.H), with some of his followers, migrated to Medina. This migration is known as the Hijrah, and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. In Medina, Muhammad(P.B.U.H) united various tribes and with his growing political and religious strength was able to successfully fight the opposing tribes of Mecca. Eventually, Muhammad(P.B.U.H) was able to lead 10,000 followers to the city of Mecca, where he was able to establish Islam within the city. During the remainder of his life, he was able to unite most of Arabia under the new religion of Islam, and also under a common political entity. Muhammad(P.B.U.H) died in 632.

The Qu’ran

 From the first experiences in the cave, Muhammad(P.B.U.H) reported receiving messages from God throughout his life. These messages form the Qu’ran – which to Muslims is the word of God. Muslims believe Muhammad(P.B.U.H) to be the final prophet in a tradition stretching back to Moses, Abraham and Jesus. As well as the Qu’ran, Muslims study the Sira (Muhammad(P.B.U.H)’s life) and traditions of the time (Sharia law). The essential message of the Qu’ran is that there is no God but Allah, and followers should lead their lives in submission to the will of Allah as described in the Qu’ran. The name Muhammad(P.B.U.H) means “Praiseworthy”

source: www.biographyonline.net

Albert Einstein

 

Albert Einstein.

 

 

 

 

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein - Biographical

Albert Einstein was born at Ulm, in Württemberg, Germany, on March 14, 1879. Six weeks later the family moved to Munich, where he later on began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. Later, they moved to Italy and Albert continued his education at Aarau, Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics. In 1901, the year he gained his diploma, he acquired Swiss citizenship and, as he was unable to find a teaching post, he accepted a position as technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office. In 1905 he obtained his doctor's degree.

During his stay at the Patent Office, and in his spare time, he produced much of his remarkable work and in 1908 he was appointed Privatdozent in Berne. In 1909 he became Professor Extraordinary at Zurich, in 1911 Professor of Theoretical Physics at Prague, returning to Zurich in the following year to fill a similar post. In 1914 he was appointed Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and Professor in the University of Berlin. He became a German citizen in 1914 and remained in Berlin until 1933 when he renounced his citizenship for political reasons and emigrated to America to take the position of Professor of Theoretical Physics at Princeton*. He became a United States citizen in 1940 and retired from his post in 1945.

After World War II, Einstein was a leading figure in the World Government Movement, he was offered the Presidency of the State of Israel, which he declined, and he collaborated with Dr. Chaim Weizmann in establishing the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Einstein always appeared to have a clear view of the problems of physics and the determination to solve them. He had a strategy of his own and was able to visualize the main stages on the way to his goal. He regarded his major achievements as mere stepping-stones for the next advance.

At the start of his scientific work, Einstein realized the inadequacies of Newtonian mechanics and his special theory of relativity stemmed from an attempt to reconcile the laws of mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field. He dealt with classical problems of statistical mechanics and problems in which they were merged with quantum theory: this led to an explanation of the Brownian movement of molecules. He investigated the thermal properties of light with a low radiation density and his observations laid the foundation of the photon theory of light.

In his early days in Berlin, Einstein postulated that the correct interpretation of the special theory of relativity must also furnish a theory of gravitation and in 1916 he published his paper on the general theory of relativity. During this time he also contributed to the problems of the theory of radiation and statistical mechanics.

In the 1920's, Einstein embarked on the construction of unified field theories, although he continued to work on the probabilistic interpretation of quantum theory, and he persevered with this work in America. He contributed to statistical mechanics by his development of the quantum theory of a monatomic gas and he has also accomplished valuable work in connection with atomic transition probabilities and relativistic cosmology.

After his retirement he continued to work towards the unification of the basic concepts of physics, taking the opposite approach, geometrisation, to the majority of physicists.

Einstein's researches are, of course, well chronicled and his more important works include Special Theory of Relativity (1905), Relativity (English translations, 1920 and 1950), General Theory of Relativity (1916), Investigations on Theory of Brownian Movement (1926), and The Evolution of Physics (1938). Among his non-scientific works, About Zionism (1930), Why War? (1933), My Philosophy (1934), and Out of My Later Years (1950) are perhaps the most important.

Albert Einstein received honorary doctorate degrees in science, medicine and philosophy from many European and American universities. During the 1920's he lectured in Europe, America and the Far East, and he was awarded Fellowships or Memberships of all the leading scientific academies throughout the world. He gained numerous awards in recognition of his work, including the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London in 1925, and the Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute in 1935.

Einstein's gifts inevitably resulted in his dwelling much in intellectual solitude and, for relaxation, music played an important part in his life. He married Mileva Maric in 1903 and they had a daughter and two sons; their marriage was dissolved in 1919 and in the same year he married his cousin, Elsa Löwenthal, who died in 1936. He died on April 18, 1955 at Princeton, New Jersey.

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein Quotes.

• Put your hand on a hot stove for a minute, and it seems like an hour. Sit with a pretty girl for an hour, and it seems like a minute. THAT'S relativity.

• Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.

• Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that can be counted counts.

• Setting an example is not the main means of influencing others; it is the only means.

• Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe.

• The only reason for time is so that everything doesn't happen at once.

• I am a deeply religious nonbeliever - This is a somewhat new kind of religion.

• You have to learn the rules of the game. And then you have to play better than anyone else.

• I never think of the future. It comes soon enough.

• Imagination is more important than knowledge.

• The world is a dangerous place to live; not because of the people who are evil, but because of the people who don't do anything about it.

Source : www.thetopten.com
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